In India, call for more babies sparks debate on future of 1.43 billion-strong economy

By Biman Mukherji

A right-wing Hindu leader’s call for families in India to have more children has ignited debate over whether the world’s most populous nation should keep expanding to preserve its demographic edge.

Mohan Bhagwat, chief of the influential Hindu nationalist group Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), triggered controversy earlier this month when he argued that India needed to increase its population as couples were having fewer babies.

India’s fertility rate fell from 5.9 children per woman in 1950 to 2.01 currently, based on local media reports. The latest figure is below the generally accepted replacement level of 2.1 – a number below this level typically signals the start of population shrinkage in the long term.

“This decline in population is a matter of concern. Modern population science says that when the [fertility rate] of a society goes below 2.1, that society vanishes from the earth,” Bhagwat said at a community gathering on December 1 in Nagpur, where the RSS is headquartered.

“We need more than two or three [children per family], this is what population science says.”

Experts have cautioned against seeing the fertility rate as a crisis. They say Bhagwat’s comments reflect fears among some Indian leaders that the majority Hindu population could be overtaken by Muslim minorities or that India’s economic performance could soon mirror the slowdown in Japan and China, both of which are ageing due to a continuous decline in their fertility rates.

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3 dead, 4 injured after tourist bus veers off road, plunges into lake in Norway

By Agence France-Presse

A bus carrying several foreign tourists went off the road and ended up partially submerged in a lake near the Raftsundet strait that separates the Lofoten archipelago from the Norwegian mainland, killing three people and injuring four, police said Thursday.

“Many of the passengers on the bus were foreign nationals,” police said, adding that 58 people were impacted.

Passengers from eight countries were on board: China, France, India, Malaysia, the Netherlands, Norway, Singapore and South Sudan.

The Lofoten archipelago is a popular winter destination to watch the northern lights.

Police said some of the evacuated passengers were brought to a local school while three were transported to hospital by helicopter.

“The weather conditions in the region are bad, complicating rescue operations,” local police said in a statement.

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Hong Kong career scheme aims to give disadvantaged youth employment footing

By Winnie Wong

A tattoo artist, 22, and a college dropout, 26, are among the beneficiaries of a career scheme for disadvantaged Hong Kong youth run by an NGO.

The artist, who goes by the name Nok, came from a broken family, dropped out of school at Form Five and was making ends meet as a bartender while learning how to create tattoos.

But he found himself running afoul of the law and ended up in prison for a year for reasons he declined to divulge. While in jail, he dived deeper into tattoo art and honed his drawing skills.

“Unlike the older generation, who associate tattoos with triads, the younger ones see tattoos as a form of artistic self-expression,” he said.

After his release from prison in 2022, Nok returned to the industry, working with a teacher at a studio and dreaming of setting up his own business, even creating tattoos overseas.

“I want to step out of my comfort zone … I hope to become a tattoo artist in different countries, broadening my horizons through tattooing,” he said.

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2 dead in separate incidents during treacherous Sydney-Hobart yacht race

By Agence France-Presse

Two sailors have died in separate incidents in the treacherous Sydney to Hobart blue water classic, organisers said on Friday, while race favourite Comanche was forced to retire.

Both crew members – on Flying Fish Arctos and Bowline – were hit by booms as the yachts were making their way south along the New South Wales coast amid wild weather after setting off from Sydney Harbour on Boxing Day.

Other crew tried to revive them, but were unsuccessful.

“As these incidents are being dealt with by the Water Police and all family members are yet to be contacted, we cannot provide further details at this stage,” the race committee said in a brief statement.

“Our thoughts are with the crews, family and friends of the deceased.”

Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese paid tribute to the sailors who died.

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How should Beijing intervene to save Chinese firms from vicious competition?

By Ji Siqi

Having surrendered their mobile phones, more than 30 executives at the helms of China’s biggest solar manufacturers entered a hotel conference room in a small city in Sichuan province.

There, during a heavily guarded closed-door meeting earlier this month, they signed on to a self-discipline programme aimed at curbing vicious competition that has had a debilitating impact on their industry since last year.

“If you are not self-disciplined today – you keep quoting low prices, and you keep expanding the repetitive production capacity, trying to outlast others – I tell you, you will definitely not be able to outlast your myriad peers. Don’t be naive,” said Qian Jing, vice-president of Jinko Solar – a leading solar-module manufacturer – at an annual solar industry conference one day before the closed-door meeting.

Yet, for all the talk of self-discipline, doubts surrounding the real resolve have yet to dissipate. Among industrial players, it is an open secret that once many of them leave a conference stage, or recollect their phones after a closed-door meeting, it’s the law of the jungle: eat or be eaten. In this case, expand production capacity or see your market position gobbled up.

What is truly a fight to the death among solar companies perfectly underscores one of the major problems facing the world’s second-largest economy, where neijuan, or “involution”, has swept like a storm through all sectors. The term has become tantamount in China to an unsustainable state of intense internal competition that leads to diminishing returns and stagnation.

And with the billowing trend gathering strength, neijuan is wreaking havoc on the broader Chinese economy already in a battered state and in the midst of transforming from its reliance on old growth engines, including real estate, to new ones that are fuelled by hi-tech sectors and advanced manufacturing.

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Deadly fight erupts between security forces, Assad loyalists in Syria

By dpa

Fierce clashes erupted on Thursday between security forces of Syria’s transitional government and loyalists of ousted dictator Bashar al-Assad, as the new rulers struggle to re-establish security in the war-shattered country.

The violence flared after security forces stormed the village of Balqasah, west of Homs province in central Syria, where remnants of the former regime were holed up, the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, a monitoring group, reported.

The ensuing clashes involving heavy weapons and drones left four members of the security forces dead, the monitor said.

An unspecified number of Assad’s supporters, led by a wanted man known as Shujaa al-Ali, were also killed in the fighting, the observatory said.

Ali is a pro-Iran militiaman in the area, and is wanted in connection with murder and kidnapping cases, according to the UK-based monitor that relies on a network of contacts inside Syria.

Syria’s state news agency SANA confirmed the clashes, saying they had left two security staff dead and 10 others injured.

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Trump vs the Fed: why 2025 could be the year things get ugly

By Nicholas Spiro

Every December, TS Lombard, an economic and financial consultancy, publishes its “bold non-consensus” forecasts for the year ahead. This year, the adviser noted that “it has become increasingly difficult for our readers to discern whether we are joking” and “the distinction between reality and satire is arguably fuzzier than ever before, and there is a very strong possibility that some (or maybe several) of our predictions for 2025 are realised”.

One of TS Lombard’s forecasts is that relations between the US Federal Reserve and the incoming administration of Donald Trump will deteriorate dramatically. It predicts that “the situation reaches a crisis point in August, when the president threatens to ‘call in the army’ and [Fed chair Jerome] Powell unleashes the only force more menacing than the US military – the bond market”.

Such a scenario sounds preposterous, but the unbelievable has become commonplace in the Trump era. His second term does not start for a month, but Trump is already wreaking havoc on global politics. His threat to impose a blanket 25 per cent tariff on all exports from Canada helped precipitate the resignation earlier this month of Chrystia Freeland, the country’s finance minister, triggering a full-blown political crisis.

More worryingly, Trump is putting pressure on Ukraine to quickly accept a peace deal. This could be highly advantageous to Russia, putting European security at greater risk. He has also set his sights on Greenland and the Panama Canal and his new ally and major donor, billionaire Elon Musk, has waded into Germany’s election campaign, expressing support for the far-right Alternative for Germany party.

Not only does Trump want to disrupt US foreign policy, he also believes he has a strong mandate to overhaul the main pillars of the economy. US stock markets have taken comfort from the prospect of deregulation and tax cuts in a second Trump term. Optimism about Trump’s plans to put an end to the tough government scrutiny of the technology sector, especially cryptocurrencies, caused the price of bitcoin to surpass US$100,000 earlier this month.

Bond markets, on the other hand, have responded to Trump’s return to the White House with a sense of foreboding. Since mid-September, when prediction markets began to shift in favour of a Trump victory, the yield on the benchmark 10-year US Treasury bond, which moves inversely to its price, has risen by nearly a percentage point.

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Membership of UK’s anti-immigration Reform party overtakes Conservatives for first time

By Agence France-Presse

Membership of Britain’s upstart anti-immigration Reform UK party has overtaken that of the centre right Conservative Party for the first time, the party said on Thursday.

Party leader and Brexit figurehead Nigel Farage hailed the figure a “historic moment”.

Immigration was a major issue at the ballot box at the UK’s July general election which saw the Conservatives ousted after 14 years in power.

The digital counter on the Reform website showed a membership tally ticking past the 131,680 figure declared by the main opposition Conservatives during its leadership election earlier this year.

“The youngest political party in British politics has just overtaken the oldest political party in the world,” wrote Farage on X, formerly Twitter.

“Reform UK are now the real opposition.”

Party chairman Zia Yusuf said the milestone showed the long “stranglehold on the centre-right of British politics by the Tories has finally been broken”.

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US says it pushed retraction of famine warning for north Gaza; aid groups are concerned

By Associated Press

A lead organisation monitoring for food crises around the world withdrew a new report this week warning of imminent famine in north Gaza under what it called Israel’s “near-total blockade,” after the US asked for its retraction, US officials told Associated Press. The move follows public criticism of the report from the US ambassador to Israel.

The rare public dispute drew accusations from prominent aid and human-rights figures that the work of the US-funded Famine Early Warning System Network, meant to reflect the data-driven analysis of unbiased international experts, has been tainted by politics.

A declaration of famine would be a great embarrassment for Israel, which has insisted that its 15-month war in Gaza is aimed against the Hamas militant group and not against its civilian population.

US ambassador to Israel Jacob Lew earlier this week called the warning by the internationally recognised group inaccurate and “irresponsible”. Lew and the US Agency for International Development, which funds the monitoring group, both said the findings failed to properly account for rapidly changing circumstances in north Gaza.

Humanitarian and human rights officials expressed fear of US political interference in the world’s monitoring system for famines. The United States embassy in Israel and the State Department declined to comment. FEWS officials did not respond to questions.

“We work day and night with the UN and our Israeli partners to meet humanitarian needs – which are great – and relying on inaccurate data is irresponsible,” Lew said on Tuesday.

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Manmohan Singh, India’s ‘reluctant prime minister’, dies at 92

By Reuters

Described as a “reluctant king” in his first stint as prime minister, the quietly spoken Manmohan Singh was arguably one of India’s most successful leaders.

The first Sikh in office, Singh, 92, was being treated for age-related medical conditions and died after he was brought to hospital after a sudden loss of consciousness on Thursday.

He is credited with steering India to unprecedented economic growth and lifting hundreds of millions out of dire poverty. He went on to serve a rare second term.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi said: “India mourns the loss of one of its most distinguished leaders, Dr Manmohan Singh Ji.”

He applauded the economist-turned-politician’s body of work.

Born into a poor family in a part of British-ruled India now in Pakistan, Singh studied by candlelight to win a place at Cambridge University in England, UK before heading to Oxford, earning a doctorate with a thesis on the role of exports and free trade in India’s economy.

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3 dead, 11 wounded in Israel strikes on Yemen’s Sana’a airport, ports and power stations

By Reuters

Israel’s military said it struck multiple targets linked to the Iran-aligned Houthi movement in Yemen on Thursday, including Sana’a International Airport and three ports along the western coast.

Attacks hit Yemen’s Hezyaz and Ras Kanatib power stations as well as military infrastructure in the ports of Hodeidah, Salif and Ras Kanatib, Israel’s military added.

There was no immediate comment from the Houthis who have repeatedly fired drones and missiles towards Israel in what they describe as acts of solidarity with Palestinians in Gaza.

The Israeli attacks on the airport, Hodeidah and on one power station, were reported by Al Masirah TV, the main television news outlet run by the Houthis.

More than a year of Houthi attacks have disrupted international shipping routes, forcing firms to divert to longer and more expensive journeys that have in turn stoked fears over global inflation.

Israel has instructed its diplomatic missions in Europe to try to get the Houthis designated as a terrorist organisation.

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Chinese firm unveils world’s first ride-on robot dog for all-terrain adventures

By Zhang Tong

A Chinese company has unveiled the world’s first robot dog to feature the precise motor control required to carry a person safely across the most rugged terrain, making it suitable for a range of military and civilian uses, according to online commenters.

B2-W, a four-legged, wheeled robot that features precision posture control and advanced acrobatics, was showcased in a video posted by developer Unitree to its social media account on Monday.

In the video, B2-W performs mid-air flips, rotations and handstands while also demonstrating remarkable stability as it descends a nearly 60-degree gravel slope, navigates streams, climbs waterfalls and speeds across a range of terrains.

The robot is also shown temporarily retracting its hind legs, performing inverted landings, and jumping from a height of 1.9 metres (6.23ft). In standard four-legged mode, it can leap from 3 metres, absorbing the impact with its flexible legs.

In one test featured in the Hangzhou-based company’s video, the B2-W shows off its load-bearing and balancing abilities by carrying an adult rider up and down slopes with ease.

“Unitree’s B2 series robot is currently the world’s first and only robot dog designed for riding. It showcases extraordinary biomimetic performance,” said Xiaolan, a robotics reviewer, after a hands-on testing of the B2-W.

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China slams Philippines over US-made Typhon missiles, warns of ‘arms race’ in region

By Meredith Chen

China has ramped up pressure on the Philippines to withdraw the US Typhon missile system stationed there, warning of “arms race risks” in the region.

Beijing’s foreign ministry on Thursday also slammed Manila’s plans to acquire its own set of the mid-range missiles, two days after the Philippine defence chief asserted his country’s “sovereign prerogative” to boost its security capabilities.

“The Philippines, by cooperating with the United States to introduce the Typhon, is handing over its own security and defence, bringing geopolitical confrontation and arms race risks into the region, which poses a substantial threat to regional peace and security,” Chinese foreign ministry spokeswoman Mao Ning said.

“Whose interests are truly being served by such actions? How can one speak of independent diplomacy in this context? This is a typical case of harming both others and oneself.”

The comments were the third on the issue this week from Beijing. They followed Philippine Defence Secretary Gilberto Teodoro Jnr’s statement on Tuesday justifying the deployment of the US system and the Philippine army’s confirmation on Monday of plans to acquire its own Typhon missiles, despite continued strong opposition from China.

The US Army deployed the medium-range missile system in the northern Philippines after bringing them in to take part in joint military drills over April and May.

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China warns ‘dangerous’ US actions are raising risk of space arms race

By Sylvie Zhuang

China called on the United States to reflect on its “dangerous actions” in space after the US Space Force stationed a unit in Japan for the first time.

Zhang Xiaogang, a spokesman for the defence ministry, accused the US of “continuing to expand its space military capabilities, strengthening space military alliances and provoking a space arms race”, saying its actions have “jeopardised global strategic stability”.

“We urge the US to seriously examine its dangerous actions in the space domain, cease provoking space confrontations and stop spreading false narratives,” he said on Thursday.

Earlier this month a Space Force unit began operating out of Yokota Air Base in western Tokyo, the first such unit stationed in Japan.

It follows the deployment of another Space Force unit in South Korea in 2022 and comes as Washington and allies look to counter the increasingly advanced technology being deployed by China, Russia and North Korea.

Zhang said China opposed the militarisation of outer space and was committed to peaceful activities there.

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